The scope of the EPHC includes environment protection and heritage (natural, historic and indigenous heritage) responsibilities. The statutory functions of NEPC continue under the umbrella of EPHC.
The table below outlines the responsibilities of the Environment Protection and Heritage Council.
| Environment Protection responsibilities | Heritage responsibilities |
| protection of air, water and soil quality |
natural and cultural heritage (historic
and indigenous heritage) |
development and management of National Environment Protection
Measures | world and national heritage listings and management |
| improving the environmental performance of Australian industry | national heritage policy |
minimisation and management of hazardous and non-hazardous
wastes, including product stewardship | legislative framework for heritage protection |
| management of hazardous chemicals in the environment | |
| State of Environment reporting |
| environmental indicators and monitoring of environmental quality |
| data on releases of chemicals and wastes to the environment |
| international aspects of environment protection |
| development of policy tools needed to manage the above issues |
